Word | Meaning |
Phoneme | The smallest identifiable sound in a word. For example: the word ship is broken into it's phonemes would be 'sh' 'i' 'p'. |
Grapheme | A letter or group of letters that represent one sound. |
VC,CVC, CVCC | These are abbreviations for a pattern of the word. CVC stands for consonant-vowel-consonant. |
Digraph | Two letters that represent one sound. E.g. 'sh'. |
Trigraph | Three letters that represent one sound. E.g. 'igh'. |
Split-digraph | A split- digraph is when a letter brake the digraph up. For example the word 'make' has the split digraph 'a-e' in it. |
Segmenting | To split up a word into it's individual phonemes so it is easier to read. |
Blending | To blend the individual phonemes back together to read the complete word. |
Cluster | when two or more letters make two or more sounds. E.g.'strike' has 'str'. |
Phase 3 sounds:
'j' - jelly, jam 'qu'-queen, quiz 'ee' - green, tree 'oa' - boat, toad 'oi' -coin, boil
'w' -walk,well 'ch' -chick, chip 'ai' - pain, train 'ar' - park ,cart 'ear' - fear
'x' - x-ray 'sh' -shout 'igh' - light 'or' - for, doctor 'air' - fair, pair
'y' -yellow ' th' - this 'oo' -boot 'ur' - turn, burn 'ure' - pure
'z'- zebra 'ng' - sing 'oo' - look, took 'ow' - cow
Phase Four:
Phase four does not introduce any new sounds as it allows some time to recap phase 2 and 3 sounds. However it does look at CVCC, CCVC and CCVCC words.
Here are some examples:
CVCC - bank, sink, mask, pick, link, tank, tusk.
CCVC - step, from, clip, shop, trap.
CCVCC - frost, stamp, stand, thank.
Phase five sounds:
In phase five we go back to looking at certain sounds and continuing our work with high frequency words and tricky words that don't follow a spelling pattern.
Phase five focuses on sounds that can look different. for example: 'ay' also makes the same sound as 'ai' and the 'a-e' split digraph.
Here is a list of the sounds that are covered within this phase:
'zh' - measure, treasure 'oy' - boy, toy, annoy 'ph' - phone, elephant 'a-e' - snake, cake
'ay' - clay, day, play 'ir' - girl, twirl, swirl 'ew' - threw, drew, knew 'e-e' - here, Pete
'ou' - cloud, out, about 'ue' -clue, glue, blue 'oe' - toe, foe, goes 'i-e' - kite, bite, smile
'ie' - die, pie, tie 'aw' - claw, paw, draw 'au' - autograph, auto 'o-e' - bone, throne
'ea' - tea, lead, read 'wh' -why, where, when 'ey' - monkey, key 'u-e' - clue, true.
Unfortunately not the ones with chocolate chips.
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